Duality of liquids

Duality of liquids

Liquids flow, and in this sense are close to gases. At the same time, interactions in liquids are strong as in solids. The combination of these two properties is believed to be the ultimate obstacle to constructing a general theory of liquids. Here, we adopt a new approach: instead of focusing on the problem of strong interactions, we zero in on the relative contributions of vibrational and dif...

Nodal Liquids and Duality

Using a SU(2) × U(1) gauge theory for a t–J model around a node of the Fermi surface, we discuss patterns of dynamical symmetry breaking, which may lead to a pseudogap phase and to the appearance of narrow one-dimensional spatial structures, induced by the presence of holes. A possible connection with stripe phases is briefly discussed by passing to an appropriate dual theory. We discuss confin...

The fractional quantum Hall effect : Chern - Simons mapping , duality , Luttinger liquids and the instanton vacuum

We derive, from first principles, the complete Luttinger liquid theory of abelian quantum Hall edge states. This theory includes the effects of disorder and Coulomb interactions as well as the coupling to external electromagnetic fields. We introduce a theory of spatially separated (individually conserved) edge modes, find an enlarged dual symmetry and obtain a complete classification of quasip...

Fermi Liquids and Luttinger Liquids

Duality in linear interval equations

In this paper we nd solution of linear interval equation in dual form based on the generalizedprocedure of interval extension which is called interval extended zero method.Moreover, proposed method has signicant advantage, is that it substantially decreasesthe excess width eect.